Eu4 You Need to Return to the Agreement Page to Continue
The subjects interface panel image as of patch 1.18
Subject nations are semi-independent subordinate nations that surrender their economic, diplomatic and/or military power to another country in exchange for protection by their overlord. It is possible to see a subject's nation information by selecting the country icon on the subjects tab. The types of subject nations range from the primarily economic 
Trade company to the military-focused 
March. All subjects (except trade companies) have a 
liberty desire that determines their loyalty towards their liege.
Vassal [edit | edit source]
- Main article: Vassal
Vassals are the most basic form of subject nations. They are required to pay a portion of their 
tax income to their overlord but do not transfer 
trade power to their overlord like other particular subject types(vassals of a merchant republic transfer 50% of their trade power to their overlord if 
Wealth of Nations is active). While vassals may have control over their own territory and military, they also automatically join any conflict their overlord enters into.
Vassalization can occur militarily by forcing it upon a defeated enemy in a war. Diplomatic vassalage can occur if a military alliance exists and relations are high (above 190). Vassals cannot declare war, but can fabricate claims that either they or their overlord deems as 'Vital Interest'. Vassals with over 50% liberty desire can request a support of independence from other nations, and break free through an independence war. Vassals with over 50% liberty desire are also more active diplomatically as to forming their own alliances with other rebellious subjects of their overlord and setting more provinces as those of interest.
After a nation has been a vassal of another country for at least ten years, their overlord can begin diplomatically integrating them into the overlord's domain. This results in the vassal's annexation.
March [edit | edit source]
- Main article: March
A march is a militaristic vassal that cannot be annexed and does not pay taxes to the overlord, but has lower liberty desire and gets significant bonuses to its armed forces.
Marches receive increased 
land and 
naval force limits, 
manpower and 
manpower recovery speed, and 
fort defensiveness, while also gaining decreased 
fort maintenance.
March status can be revoked and the subject turned into a simple vassal but at the cost of stability and relations loss.
Without the DLC, marches can only be gained through special events, such as the subjugation of 
Moldavia to 
Poland.
Client state [edit | edit source]
- Main article: Client state
Client states are highly loyal, custom vassals. They can be formed once a country reaches 
diplomatic tech level 23 from any province or provinces that the player has control over and is on the same continent as their capital or borders an existing client state or has a land connection to the capital.
Generally, any province within two tiles by land can be added to a client state, including over straits. The first province that a new client state is given is automatically designated as the capital, and the 
culture in that province will become the primary culture of the new client state. The client state will have its creator's state religion.
It is possible to customize the flag, the name and the map colour of a client state based on a set of flag templates and images. With 
Common Sense, this can be done at any time after it's created. However, if you make a client state into a march, customization (such as flag, name, map color) won't be available until you convert it back to vassalization.
Personal union [edit | edit source]
- Main article: Personal union
Junior partners in a personal union share the same ruler as that of the leading country. Like vassals, junior partners of a personal union will automatically go to war if their overlord does, but they do not have to provide their overlord with a percentage of their monthly income, and only get a small +10 
relations boost with their overlord. The junior retains any subjects it had, except other unions, which the overlord inherits.
Personal unions can occur when a ruler dies without a legal heir. In this case, if a royal marriage partner shares the same dynasty as the deceased ruler, it becomes the senior partner in a union. A succession war may erupt between rivals or valid partners. Additionally, a claim throne casus belli can be used on nations with a disputed succession (weak or no heir) of the same dynasty that the player has a royal marriage with.
Personal union partners can be inherited or integrated provided the union has been stable for fifty years. Diplomatic integration annexes the junior partner at the cost of 
diplomatic monarch points. Inheritance automatically annexes the junior partner with no autonomy, but occurs only upon ruler death. The probability of inheritance increases with the senior partner's 
diplomatic reputation and stability and decreases with the junior partner's number of provinces.
A personal union can end upon the death of the senior ruler when the junior partner has a negative opinion of its senior. If this occurs, the former senior partner will get a "Restoration of Union" casus belli on the former junior partner, allowing the union to be reinstated militarily.
Some nations can get a "Restoration of Union" CB against countries that they never had a union with in the first place, such as Austria, which can receive this casus belli against Bohemia and Hungary as a mission.
Only nations that have one of the Christian denominations as their state religion are able to form personal unions.
Colonial nation [edit | edit source]
- Main article: Colonial nation
Colonial nations represent the distant New World colonial territories of Old World. They will automatically form once five cored colonial provinces exist inside a single colonial region. Once formed, colonial nations will take control of any province that would otherwise be owned by their overlord in a given colonial region, even if the province is uncored or would otherwise cause extreme 
overextension.
Colonial nations pay a portion of their tax income to their overlord, based on the tariff efficiency. Additionally, colonial nations transfer 50% of their trade power to the overlord.
When created, the colonial nation's flag is generated based on the mother country's flag and the colonial region the new Colonial Nation is located in. For example, a nation in the Mexico colonial region will have a yellow flag, while one in the Eastern North America colonial region will have a light-blue one. With Common Sense, the name can be changed after creation (but unlike client states, nothing else can be customized).
If 
Leviathan is enabled, there will be three designation after formation which are Crown Colony, Private Enterprise, Self-Governing Colony. Those designation can be upgraded to provide more bonus. However disloyal colonies won't provide manpower, sailors, tariffs. Colony Designation can be changed for 1000
.
Trade company [edit | edit source]
- Main article: Trade company
A trade company is a collection of overseas provinces that exchanges tax and manpower for trade, maritime and production benefits.
A province in a trade company gets autonomy-reduced 
tax income, 
sailors, 
manpower and 
land force limit like a territory, but less autonomy impact on 
production income and double the trade power and 0.5 
naval force limit. Additionally, 
goods produced remains unaffected by cultural intolerance, religious intolerance is ignored, and the province does not contribute to 
religious unity.
Trade companies may be formed by nations that own at least one province in a territory which is on a different subcontinent from their capital and not in a colonial region . They differ from colonial nations in the Americas and Australia in that they are not separate governments, as all territories remain part of the mother country. Provinces in trade company must belong to a territory - adding them to a state will automatically remove them from a trade company, which entails the same -200% goods produced modifier which manually removing one does. Provinces can be added or removed from a trade company at any time, except when the 5-year goods produced modifier for removal is present.
Tributary [edit | edit source]
Tributaries are a loose form of subject relationship available to overlords who fulfill at least one of the following conditions:
Tributaries do not occupy a relation slot. They retain full diplomatic independence and may start wars and have subjects (except other tributaries) of their own. The overlord receives a call to arms if the tributary is attacked (unless if by another tributary of the same overlord), but does not have to accept. Each year, the overlord may demand a tribute of money, manpower, or any of the 3 types of 
monarch points. The tribute is paid annually on January 2. Tribute type demand must be selected before January 1. The default tribute is money. If the tributary pays the tribute, trust increases slightly; if it refuses, trust falls significantly. AI always pays tribute when Liberty Desire is below 50% and refuses otherwise.
Monetary tribute is 12.5% of annual income, manpower tribute is 25% of annual gain, and monarch point tribute is 1 per 33 
developments (rounded down) and capped at 12 for 400 or more development. If monetary tribute would be below 1 ducat, or monarch point would be below 1 point, they can't be selected. [1]
Either party may renounce the tributary status at will, unless they have a truce. If the overlord cancels the tributary relation while having at least 30 trust towards their subject, a 5-year two-way truce will be created. If a tributary renounces their status, no truce will be created, but they lose −1 
stability; this can be circumvented by refusing tribute until the overlord breaks the agreement on their own.
If the overlord is annexed, any tributaries will be transferred to the annexing nation; this can give tributaries even to nations that normally wouldn't be able to have them.
The factors that influence an AI nation's desire to accept an Establish Tributary offer are:
| Factor | Effect |
|---|---|
| Attitude towards proposer |  Hostile: -1000 |
 Outraged: -1000 | |
 Rivalry: -1000 | |
 Threatened: +100 | |
| Opinion towards proposer | +1 per 4 positive points (rounded down) |
| -1 per 4 negative points (rounded up) | |
| Proposer's diplomatic reputation | +2 per positive point |
| -2 per negative point | |
| AI nation's government rank | -20 / -100 Kingdom/Empire |
| AI nation's development[2] | -0.5 per development (rounded up) |
| Proposer economic base compared to target nation | +90 to -90 |
| Proposer military power compared to target nation | +90 to -90 |
| AI nation has subject of its own | -1000 |
| Are not neighbors | -1000 |
| Distance between borders | -0.5 per distance between borders (defunct but still displayed) |
| Proposer is Celestial Empire or has horde government with rank Empire[3] | +10 |
Strategy [edit | edit source]
For a tributary overlord, sending manpower to tributary subjects at war can often be the cheapest way to decrease liberty desire and maintain the more value tribute income in the form of monarch powers. It can thus be helpful to set large tributary countries as "special interest" (right-click on country flag in provincial interface) and receive notification for wars by these tributaries.
For establishing tributary subject of AI nation, threatened attitude gives the most significant +100 . (Strangely, 
friendly attitude does not give any modifier.) The attitude goes away at high opinion. Thus the optimal opinion with the threatened attitude is around 0 . Player should avoid improving relation for too long in that case.
Liberty Desire modifiers from Demand Additional Tribute and Demand Artifacts decay independently, so alternating between them allows Liberty Desire to drop down more quickly.
Daimyo [edit | edit source]
- Main article: Japan#Daimyo & Shogunate
Daimyo are a unique form of vassal for the shogun of 
Japan. They may ally with and fight other daimyo, but not foreign countries. They do not occupy a relation slot, and the shogun has several special vassal interactions for them. Note: outside nations can enforce peace on two warring daimyos without calling the shogun or its vassals to war, effectively providing a way for outside powers to get easy land on Japan.
Protectorate [edit | edit source]
In previous versions of the game, technologically backward nations could be made protectorates, which exchanged a transfer of trade power and not being allowed other allies for protection from hostile nations and a discount on technology cost. They did not occupy a diplomatic relations slot. Protectorates were merged with regular vassals in patch 1.20.
Liberty desire [edit | edit source]
All subject nations have a liberty desire between 0 and 100, indicating their wish for independence.
- Below 50 a subject state is loyal: it pays taxes/tariffs to its overlord and takes an active part in all wars.
- Above 50 liberty desire, a subject becomes disloyal, refusing to pay taxes while being unhelpful in wars by only defending its own territory. Disloyal subjects readily accept support for their independence from foreign nations and make alliances with each other, and may declare an independence war if they have sufficient strength. In rare cases, a disloyal subject may still have a Friendly attitude toward its overlord; this means it will not accept requests to support its independence or alliances from fellow subjects, but does not otherwise alter its behavior.
- At 100 liberty desire, a state is rebellious, and will, at least in theory, declare its independence at the slightest opportunity.
Liberty desire depends on the sum of the following factors:
- The relative army size of the subject compared to its overlord. There is +75 liberty desire for having 100% of the overlord's forces, scaling proportionately (e.g. +37.5 at 50%).
- The combined strength of all vassals, marches, and client states is used for their liberty desire.
- Personal union partners, daimyos, and colonial nations only consider their individual strengths.
- Additionally, nations allied with or supporting the liberty of a subject nation will have their army strength added to that specific subject. Other subjects will not have their army strength increased, unless their independence is also supported.
- A base modifier depending on type of subject: −25 for client states, −15 for marches, +10 for Japanese daimyo; 0 for vassals, colonies and
personal union partners. - +0.25 per point of development for vassals, client states, and marches.
- +5 for each level the overlord's diplomatic technology is behind the subject's.
- −0.1 for each point of positive relations (max −20 ), +0.2 for each point of negative relations (max +40 ).
- −5 for a
royal marriage. - −5 for having the same ruling dynasty.
- −50 for historical friends.
- +50 for historical rivals.
- +10 subject nation is a
Steppe nomads. - −3 per point of diplomatic reputation.
- ±0.4 per point of trust below/above 50 (min −20 at 100 trust, max +20 at 0 trust)
- +1 per point of the overlord's
war exhaustion for colonial nations. - −50 if recently defeated in an independence war (decreasing over time).
- +0.2 for colonies, per point of the colonial nation's
administrative efficiency. - +1 for colonies, per point of
tariff rate. - −0.5 per province development granted in a peace deal or with the
"Grant province" subject interaction (the sum is capped at −100 and it decreases over time by 0.1 per month). - −5 for each loan of the subject which was paid back with the
"Pay Off Debt" subject interaction (the sum is capped at −100 and it decreases over time by 1 per year) - −10 for each use of the
"Placate Local Rulers" subject interaction (the effect is capped at −100 and it decreases over time by 1 per year) - −5 per each development point improved in subject's province (the sum is capped at −100 and it decreases over time by 1 per year).
- +1 per each
prestige below 0 ( -50 prestige equals +50 liberty desire) - −5
/ −10% 
for holding 
Alhambra (only with )
Certain ideas affect liberty desire in subjects:
Liberty desire:
 | Traditions | Ideas | Bonuses | Policies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| +20% |
| — | — | — |
Liberty desire from subjects development:
 | Traditions | Ideas | Bonuses | Policies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| −25% |
|
| — | — |
| −20% |
|
| — |
|
| −15% | — | — | — |
|
| −10% | — | — | — |
|
Liberty desire in subjects:
 | Traditions | Ideas | Bonuses | Policies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| −15% | — |
| — | — |
| −10% |
|
| — |
|
Subject interactions [edit | edit source]
The subject interactions can be accessed by clicking on a subject nations in the subjects tab in country interface. Most subject interactions are limited to some subject types[4].
| Interaction | Subjects | Requirements | Effect | Notes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | | ||||||
 | Bestow Gifts | |
| |||||||
 | Block/Allow Settlement Growth | | | | | |
|  Subject cannot use a colonist to promote settlement growth. Using Allow Settlement Growth allows it again. | Colonist which are already promoting settlement growth automatically stop one day after settlement growth is blocked. Doesn't prevent the colonization of uncolonized provinces. | |
 | Change Isolationism | |
|
| ||||||
 | Conscript General | |
|
| ||||||
 | Contribute to Capital | |
| Subject's province with the highest development loses 2 development of its best category (biased towards tax and then production). The overlord's capital gains 1 of the same type. | ||||||
 | Customize Subject | | | | Subject is a  client state or colonial nation | Change the subject's name and/or (for client states) its map colour and coat of arms. | ||||
 | Decrease Tariffs | |
|
| ||||||
 | Demand Additional Tribute | | Liberty desire less than 50% |
| ||||||
 | Demand Artifacts | |
|
| ||||||
 | Divert Trade | | |
| ||||||
 | Embargo Rivals | | | | | Has at least one rival |
| |||
 | Enable Scutage | |
|
|
| |||||
 | Enforce Culture | | | Liberty desire less than 50% |
| |||||
 | Enforce Religion | | | | |
|
| Decays by 1% per year (around 0.1% each month) | ||
 | Force Seppuku | |
|
| ||||||
 | Fortify March | | Fort is built, paid for by the overlord | |||||||
 | Grant Core/Claim | | | | |
| Core/claim is granted to the subject | A permanent claim granted will still be permanent. | ||
| | Grant Province | | | | | |
|
| ||
 | Increase Tariffs | |
|
| ||||||
 | Knowledge Sharing | | | | |
|
| |||
| | Pay Off Debt | | | | | |
|
|
| |
| | Placate Local Rulers | | | | Has positive prestige |
| ||||
 | Place Relative on Throne | | |
|
| |||||
 | Press Sailors | |
|
| ||||||
 | Replace Governor | |
|
| Choice between 4/2/2, 2/4/2 or 2/2/4. Does not affect the colony's republican tradition. | |||||
 | Return Land | |
|
| ||||||
 | Sacrifice Heir | |
|
| ||||||
 | Sacrifice Ruler | |
|
| ||||||
 | Seize Land | | |
|
| Cannot seize  capital | ||||
 | Send Additional Troops | | Subject is at war |
| ||||||
 | Send Officers | |
| |||||||
 | Siphon Income | | Subject has positive opinion of overlord |
| ||||||
 | Start War in Colony | |
|
| This only works against colonial nations and primitive countries. It can't be used against countries which reformed their religion/government. | |||||
 | Subsidize Armies | | |
|
| |||||
 | Support Loyalists | |
| |||||||
Golden Century DLC
Subject is not a private enterprise colony
Subject is a daimyo
Subject and overlord are both Shinto
Subject sends the overlord their best general.
Subject has different religion
The Cossacks DLC
Rule Britannia DLC
Has embraced at least one institution that the subject has not embraced
Rights of Man DLC
Mare Nostrum DLC
Subject owns land that is a core of an independent country
El Dorado DLC
Is unreformed Nahuatl
Has not sacrificed a ruler or heir in the last 3 years
army maintenance
Trade companies have no subject interactions per se, but they do have one toggle button in the subjects tab:
Enhance provinces of subject nations [edit | edit source]
It is possible for the overlord to construct buildings in the provinces of subjects, and to develop them. Each time the overlord develops a subject's province, their liberty desire is reduced by 5% , decaying by +0.1% per month. However, since this increases the subject's development, it also increases base liberty desire by +0.25 for those subject types that have development-based liberty desire (i.e. not personal unions), and can increase their liberty desire based on relative power.
Military focus [edit | edit source]
A nation can set its subject's military focus to any of the following, which will determine how they behave in wars. If the subject has more than 50% liberty desire, they will always behave as though set to passive.
| Focus | Behaviour |
|---|---|
| No focus | The subject will decide its own strategies. |
| Supportive | The subject will seek to attach to friendly armies. |
| Aggressive | The subject will be aggressive towards enemies, seeking battles in enemy territory. |
| Focus | Behaviour |
|---|---|
| Passive | This will make the subject stay with armies in their own territory, and defend there. Unless escaping a larger threat. |
| Defensive | This will make the subject defend its allies' territory. (Recommended for stronger subjects) |
| Siege | This will make the subject use its armies to siege down hostile fortresses and not seek any battles. |
Footnotes [edit | edit source]
- ↑ See in /Europa Universalis IV/common/defines.lua: variables with TRIBUTE_BASE_.
- ↑ See in /Europa Universalis IV/common/defines.lua: DIPLOMATIC_ACTION_TRIBUTARY_ACCEPTANCE_PER_DEVELOPMENT.
- ↑ See in /Europa Universalis IV/common/defines.lua: DIPLOMATIC_ACTION_TRIBUTARY_EMPIRE_FACTOR.
- ↑ See in /Europa Universalis IV/common/subject_types/00_subject_types.txt
Source: https://eu4.paradoxwikis.com/Subject_nation
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